Advances in Psychology Research : Volume 142

Volume 142 addresses the intrinsic relationship between Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and the development of personality disorders, with an emphasis on environmental risk factors, particularly socio-emotional traumatic experiences. An overview of the literature on suicide assessment and prevention and suicidal ideation is provided for psychiatrists, emergency department providers, general practitioners and other personnel involved in the multidisciplinary assessment and management of suicidal patients. Adaptations and modifications to mindfulness specifically for gambling are described. Gambling is distinct from many other addictions, both substance and behavioral, in that cognitive distortions and beliefs about gambling and winning are deeply rooted and resistant to modification with traditional cognitive-behavior therapies. The authors provide a review of the relationships between Theory of Mind and metacognition. A specific field of metacognition, the understanding of the mental operations underlying learning, is explored in detail. Following this, the diagnostic and phenomenological characteristics of alcohol use disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder are studied, and an overview of research on common risk and resilience factors for the development of both disorders is presented. A few of the most important elements of self-esteem are reviewed, as self-esteem plays an important part in our lives and can have major influence on decision-making and task performance. In the penultimate study, a sample of 243 older adults from the UK were asked to complete a measure of state body image. They were then randomly assigned to watch a film of a first-person walk in a natural environment or a built environment before completing the same measure of state body image as before in an effort to determine the impact of film exposure. Lastly, the authors describe the process used to adapt the Children''s Perception of Interparental Conflict Scale to Portuguese, report on its validation, and discuss its limitations and potential developments.