Believing in Magic : The Psychology of Superstition

Why do many people, who are quite sensible about other aspects of their lives, respond to uncertainty with superstitious beliefs or actions? This work examines current behavioural research and shows that everyday superstitions are the result of several well-understood psychological processes.

We all live in a world of uncertainty -- in some cases, the most critical events in our lives are completely unpredictable and utterly unexpected. Many people respond to this uncertainty with superstitious beliefs or actions-- from carrying good luck charms to knocking on wood or crossing fingers. But even though our understanding or the natural world tells us that these signs and gestures cannot possibly affect the events at which they are directed, superstition is still extremely common, if not universal, among people of all occupations and every educational and income level. Why is superstitious behaviour so prevalent? How is this behaviour established and maintained? Is there a superstitious personality? These are just some of the questions addressed by Stuart Vyse in Believing in Magic. To answer these questions, Vyse examines current behavioural research and show us that every day superstitions are the natural result of several well-understood psychological processes. Written in a style that is both entertaining and informative, this book demonstrates how complex--even paradoxical--human behaviour can be understood through scientific investigation. It addresses the personality features associated with superstition and the roles of operant conditioning, reasoning errors, and social influence in the development of superstitious beliefs and actions. In addition, children;s superstitions and the relationship of superstition to psychopathology are discussed. Although superstition is a normal part of human behaviour, Vyse agrues that we must provide alternative methods of coping with life;s uncertainties by teaching decision analysis, promoting science education, and challenging students to critically evaluate the sources of their beliefs.