Best Practice Guide on the Management of Metals in Small Water Supplies

Table of contents

The Difficulties of Managing Water Quality in Small WaterSupplies; What are Small Supplies?; The Management and Regulation of SmallWater Supplies; The Vulnerability of Small Water Supplies to Contamination byMetals; Water Safety Plans for Small Water Supplies; Making WSPs Work for SmallSupplies; Teamwork- The Value of a WSP Team; APractical Guide to Developing a WSP for a Small Supply; Practical Guidance for Risk Assessments; Establishing the MetalsProblem: Risk Assessment, Sampling and Analysis; The Range of PossibleProblems; Metal Solubility and Influencing Factors; Risk Assessment of SmallWater Supply Systems; Sampling and Analysis; Consumer Awareness; Sources ofMetals in Small Water Supplies; Origin of Contaminants; Contamination ofSurface Waters; Contamination of Ground Water; Contamination from TreatmentProcesses; Contamination in Distribution Pipework; Contamination from PlumbingFittings; Water Treatment Processes Available for Use on Small Water Systems;Process Selection; Types of Treatment; Practical Considerations of Treatmentfor Metals in Small Water Supplies; Iron; Manganese; Conditioning of Water toPrevent Dissolution of Plumbing Materials or Post-treatment Contamination; Treatmentis Only Part of the Story; Indications and Effects of Post-treatment Metal Contamination in Small WaterSupplies; Establishing the Source of the Problem; Factors Controlling theCorrosion of Metals into Small Water Supplies; The Conditioning of Water toMinimise Corrosion; Manual of Individual Metals in Small Water Supplies, Aluminium,Antimony, Arsenic, Barium, Beryllium, Boron, Cadmium, Chromium, Cobalt, Copper,Iron, Lead, Manganese, Mercury, Nickel, Selenium, Tin, Tungsten, Uranium, Vanadium,Zinc; Case Studies; Arsenic removal in Small Supplies in Italy; A New BoreholeSupply with Iron Removal for a Single Property in England, UK; Metals in SmallWater Supplies in Areas of Water Scarcity in African Regions; Unexplained LeadContamination of a Small Water Supply in Northern Scotland

EDITORS

Matt Bower, Drinking Water Quality Regulator for Scotland,UK

Colin Hayes, Swansea University, UK

Table of contents

The Difficulties of Managing Water Quality in Small Water Supplies; What are Small Supplies?; The Management and Regulation of Small Water Supplies; The Vulnerability of Small Water Supplies to Contamination by Metals; Water Safety Plans for Small Water Supplies; Making WSPs Work for Small Supplies; Teamwork- The Value of a WSP Team; ??? A Practical Guide to Developing a WSP for a Small Supply; ? Practical Guidance for Risk Assessments; Establishing the Metals Problem: Risk Assessment, Sampling and Analysis; The Range of Possible Problems; Metal Solubility and Influencing Factors; Risk Assessment of Small Water Supply Systems; Sampling and Analysis; Consumer Awareness; Sources of Metals in Small Water Supplies; Origin of Contaminants; Contamination of Surface Waters; Contamination of Ground Water; Contamination from Treatment Processes; Contamination in Distribution Pipework; Contamination from Plumbing Fittings; Water Treatment Processes Available for Use on Small Water Systems; Process Selection; Types of Treatment; Practical Considerations of Treatment for Metals in Small Water Supplies; Iron; Manganese; Conditioning of Water to Prevent Dissolution of Plumbing Materials or Post-treatment Contamination; Treatment is Only Part of the Story; Indications and Effects of Post-treatment Metal ????????????? Contamination in Small Water Supplies; Establishing the Source of the Problem; Factors Controlling the Corrosion of Metals into Small Water Supplies; The Conditioning of Water to Minimise Corrosion; Manual of Individual Metals in Small Water Supplies, Aluminium, Antimony, Arsenic, Barium, Beryllium, Boron, Cadmium, Chromium, Cobalt, Copper, Iron, Lead, Manganese, Mercury, Nickel, Selenium, Tin, Tungsten, Uranium, Vanadium, Zinc; Case Studies; Arsenic removal in Small Supplies in Italy; A New Borehole Supply with Iron Removal for a Single Property in England, UK; Metals in Small Water Supplies in Areas of Water Scarcity in African Regions; Unexplained Lead Contamination of a Small Water Supply in Northern Scotland

EDITORS

Matt Bower, Drinking Water Quality Regulator for Scotland, UK

Colin Hayes, Swansea University, UK