Examining Special Nutritional Requirements in Disease States : Proceedings of a Workshop

The amount of nutrients required by an individual is determined by a number of physiological processes, including absorption, metabolism, stability, and bio-activation. These processes determine nutrient needs and provide variations in requirements in the population. All have modifiers and sensitizers, such as sex, genetics, pregnancy, age, pharmaceuticals, toxins, food matrix, and epigenetics. Disease can also be a major modifier of these processes. In April 2018, the National Academies of Science, Engineering and Medicine convened a workshop in order to explore the evidence for special nutritional requirements in disease states and the medical conditions that cannot be met with a normal diet. Participants explored the impact a disease state can have on nutrient metabolism and nutritional status, and attempted to close informational gaps. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop. Table of ContentsFront Matter1 Introduction and Workshop Overview2 Addressing Nutrient Needs Due to Loss of Function in Genetic Diseases3 Disease-Induced Loss of Function and Tissue Regeneration4 Disease-Induced Deficiency and Conditionally Essential Nutrients in Disease5 Building the Evidence Base: Research Approaches for Nutrients in Disease States6 Exploring Potential OpportunitiesAppendix A: Workshop AgendaAppendix B: Speaker and Moderator Biographical Sketches