Greek Skepticism : A Study in Epistemology

Greek Skepticism examines the evolution of skeptical philosophy in ancient Greece, focusing on epistemological concerns such as knowledge, belief, and perception, while framing these inquiries within the Hellenistic era's broader philosophical challenges. The study views skepticism not as a static doctrine but as a dynamic response to recurring questions about human understanding. Divided into four sections—early Pyrrhonists, Academic Skeptics, Aenesidemus, and Sextus Empiricus—it traces skepticism's progression over six centuries. Early Pyrrhonists like Pyrrho emphasized achieving mental tranquility (ataraxia) through the suspension of judgment, seeing philosophy as a practical guide to life. Academic Skeptics, led by figures such as Arcesilaus and Carneades, advanced skepticism by engaging in dialectical arguments to challenge certainty, particularly targeting Stoic doctrines. Their critiques expanded the skeptical framework, linking it to practical ethics and intellectual rigor. Later developments by figures like Aenesidemus and Sextus Empiricus further refined skepticism's scope. Aenesidemus, while enigmatic and associated with Heraclitean ideas, contributed critical arguments that revived Pyrrhonism during his era. Sextus Empiricus, the last significant skeptic, integrated skepticism with empirical medicine, positioning skepticism as a remedy for philosophical dogmatism. His detailed critiques of rival philosophies provide a rich source for understanding Greek skepticism's epistemological depth. Through Sextus’ pragmatic approach, skepticism emerged as both a philosophical method and a practical way of life, influencing subsequent thought and offering enduring insights into the complexities of knowledge and belief. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1969.