Hanging Together : Role-Based Constitutional Fellowship and the Challenge of Difference and Disagreement

This book shows how, through 'role-based constitutional fellowship,' democratic trust can be cultivated without squashing difference and disagreement, and without stymying efforts to rectify undue social hierarchies (e.g., racial hierarchies). It is a response to the polarization and rise of autocratic forces which threaten democracy today.

Difference and disagreement can be valuable, yet they can also spiral out of control and damage liberal democracy. Advancing a metaphor of citizenship that the author terms ''role-based constitutional fellowship,'' this book offers a solution to this challenge. Cheng argues that a series of ''divisions of labor'' among citizens, differently situated, can help cultivate the foundational trust required to harness the benefits of disagreement and difference while preventing them from ''overheating'' and, in turn, from leaving liberal democracy vulnerable to the growing influence of autocratic political forces. The book recognizes, however, that it is not always appropriate to attempt to cultivate trust, and acknowledges the important role that some forms of confrontation might play in identifying and rectifying undue social hierarchies, such as racial-ethnic hierarchies. Hanging Together thereby works to pave a middle way between deliberative and realist conceptions of democracy.