Hortus Kewensis : Or, a Catalogue of the Plants Cultivated in the Royal Botanic Garden at Kew

The horticulturist William Aiton (1731–93) became Joseph Banks's superintendent at Kew in 1783, consolidating the status of the gardens. In compiling this three-volume botanical catalogue, published in 1789, Aiton was assisted with the identification and scientific description of some 5,600 species by the botanists Daniel Solander and Jonas Dryander.

Trained as a gardener in his native Scotland, William Aiton (1731–93) had worked in the Chelsea Physic Garden prior to coming to Kew in 1759. He met Joseph Banks in 1764, and the pair worked together to develop the scientific and horticultural status of the gardens. Aiton had become superintendent of the entire Kew estate by 1783. This important three-volume work, first published in 1789, took as its starting point the plant catalogue begun in 1773. In its compilation, Aiton was greatly assisted with the identification and scientific description of species, according to the Linnaean system, by the botanists Daniel Solander and Jonas Dryander (the latter contributed most of the third volume). Aiton added dates of introduction and horticultural information. An important historical resource, it covers some 5,600 species and features a selection of engravings. Volume 2 continues to catalogue the plants, covering Octandria to Monadelphia.