Microplastics and Nanoplastics in Human Health : Pathways of Exposure and Toxicological Impacts

Microplastics and Nanoplastics in Human Health: Pathways of Exposure and Toxicological Impacts is a comprehensive exploration on how microscopic plastic particles affect human health. While much attention has been paid to environmental impacts, this book focuses on the biological consequences of human exposure. It traces the journey of plastics from global production to their breakdown into micro- and nanoplastics, detailing how they enter the body through food, water, air, and skin contact. The book investigates toxicological mechanisms—such as inflammation, oxidative stress, and endocrine disruption—linking plastic exposure to chronic diseases. In addition, it examines how these particles and their chemical additives may harm key systems, including respiratory, digestive, nervous, endocrine, reproductive, and immune systems. Real-world case studies highlight exposure risks across different populations and environments. By integrating human biomonitoring data with advanced risk assessment frameworks, the book offers a scientific foundation for health professionals, researchers, and policymakers.