Quatremère de Quincy''s On the Ideal in the Pictorial Arts

In On the Ideal in the Pictorial Arts, Quatremère de Quincy offers one of the most detailed treatments of mimesis since Aristotle. He defends the practice of ideal imitation against the late eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century predilection for real imitation and highlights the imagination’s contribution to ideal imitation.

Antoine-Chrysostome Quatremère de Quincy was widely regarded as the pre-eminent art theorist of his day and exerted tremendous influence over the development of the arts in nineteenth-century France, publishing over twenty books over his career. Translated into English for the first time by Michel-Antoine Xhignesse, this 1837 treatise on imitation in the arts represents one of his major theoretical works. Quatremère de Quincy argues, against the prevailing opinion of the day, that artistic imitation aims at communicating the essence of the thing represented (ideal imitation), rather than merely faithfully reproducing its life appearance (real imitation). In order to communicate the essence, he argues, the artist must prioritize the contributions of her imagination over the choice and appearance of her model. This represented a significant departure from other accounts of ideal imitation, such as Batteux’s or Winckelmann’s, which instead advocated combining the best features of several different models.