Elevated Carbon Dioxide : Impacts on Soil and Plant Water Relations

Drawing on a host of scientific studies, this text explores how rising levels of CO₂ in the atmosphere have impacted water in plants and soils. It discusses drought, the soil–plant–atmosphere continuum, the soil atmosphere, root growth, and variable oxygen concentration of soil. The book also covers the use of carbon isotope ratios in plant science, stomatal conductance and density, transpiration and evapotranspiration, water use efficiency, C₄ photosynthesis, plant anatomy, phenology, and measures of plant growth. More than 200 high quality figures illustrate the concepts discussed.

Between 1958 and 2008, the CO₂ concentration in the atmosphere increased from 316 to 385 ppm. Continued increases in CO₂ concentration will significantly affect long-term climate change, including variations in agricultural yields. Focusing on this critical issue, Elevated Carbon Dioxide: Impacts on Soil and Plant Water Relations presents research conducted on field-grown sorghum, winter wheat, and rangeland plants under elevated CO₂. It describes specific results from pioneering experiments performed over a seven-year period in the Evapotranspiration Laboratory at Kansas State University, along with experiments appearing in peer-reviewed journal articles.

Select articles from the literature serve as examples in the text. For each paper discussed, the author includes the common and scientific name of the plant under investigation. For each experiment, the author provides the type of soil used (if given in the original article) and general conditions of the experiment. All references are carefully documented so that readers can easily find the original source.

The first chapter of the book deals with drought, the three types of photosynthesis, and how water moves through the soil–plant–atmosphere continuum. With a focus on soil, the next several chapters discuss the composition of the soil atmosphere, the interaction of elevated CO₂ with physical factors that affect root growth, variable oxygen concentration of soil, and when the atmosphere above soil is elevated with CO₂.

The author goes on to examine the use of carbon isotope ratios in plant science; the effects of elevated CO₂ on plant water, osmotic, and turgor potentials; and stomata under elevated CO₂, including stomatal conductance and density. The text also explains the effects of elevated CO₂ on transpiration and evapotranspiration, explores historic